Process Cost System

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• If the equivalent of 100,000 units were processed in June, the per unit costs will be $1.50 for direct materials and $2.25 for conversion costs.
• Total the expenses for all phases of production, including direct materials and conversion costs.
• While a process costing system is designed to be accurate, there can be instances where the system may not provide an accurate cost calculation.
• The primary advantage of using a process costing system is that it accurately calculates the cost of producing a product.

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Video- Process costing system examples

(e) Appropriate method is used in absorption of overheads to the process cost centres. Process Costing will allocate same overhead cost to all product, which will result in less accurate and it will impact to product cost and selling price as well. As a result, our selling price will be much higher or under the market, it will impact to our profit.

You cannot calculate the total output of the period by just taking the sum of completed units and work in process (ending inventory) because units in the work-in-process inventory are not 100% complete. Process costing refers to a type of costing procedure commonly adopted by factories. In process costing, there is continuous or mass production and ongoing costs, which are accumulated regularly. Process costing has the process of being easier to use than other costing methods, and it can assist businesses in costing areas for possible cost savings.

Convert Inventory Costs

Activity-based costing (ABC) identifies overhead costs from each department and assigns them to specific cost objects, such as goods or services. These activities are also considered to be cost drivers, and they are the measures used as the basis for allocating overhead costs. There are situations whereby companies manufacture a broad mix of products and find it difficult to accurately assign actual costs to each type of product; in such instances, using standard costs can be very useful. After a production run is finished, the total costs that are accumulated based on standard costs are then compared to the actual total costs, and the difference between them is added to a variance account. The total cost of the product that is arrived at at the end of the period is allocated according to the number of completed and unfinished products (equivalent units). This is done by dividing the total cost of the products by the number of units.

The finished material of one process constitutes the raw material of the next. Therefore, as the finished material is transferred to the next process, the cost of each process is also transferred, until it ends in the finished stock account. One-stage systems are the most common, and only operate at a single speed. An example of this is turning a light switch on and off.Two-stage systems alternate between a low and high speed for better comfort and efficiency. An example of this would be a light switch with two settings.Variable speed systems vary their speed to provide the highest level of comfort and efficiency.

How Does Cost Accounting Differ From Traditional Accounting Methods?

Assume a company has two functions in its production process called Department 1 and Department 2. For the month of January, Department 1 completed and transferred out 2,000 units to Department 2 and had 800 units in process at month end that were 80% completed as to materials, labor, and overhead. Using the weighted average method, equivalent units for Department 1 for January are 2,640 [(2,000 × 100%) + (800 × 80%)]. The beginning units and those started and completed are not separately identified in the calculation of equivalent units.

That is, in a process costing system, it is assumed that the price of each individual unit produced is identical to the price of every other individual unit produced in mass production. According to this costing system, the total costs gathered over a certain period of time are added up, and distributed uniformly across the products produced during that time. This involves evaluating the cost flow of materials from the beginning of the production process to the end. This analysis helps determine each product’s cost, including raw materials, labor, and overhead costs.

The main objective is to allocate total manufacturing costs to the various products according to the proportion of resources consumed by each product. Process costing is the only reasonable approach to determining process costing system definition product costs in many industries. It uses most of the same journal entries found in a job costing environment, so there is no need to restructure the chart of accounts to any significant degree.

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